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Naringin has been shown to
2022-04-08
Naringin has been shown to have significant anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress, glucolipid metabolic regulation, and myocardial protection effects (Gopinath et al., 2011, Gopinath and Sudhandiran, 2012), suggesting that it may mitigate ADC by inhibiting P2X7 receptors. In the present study, na
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br Reactive Dicarbonyls and Mitochondrial
2022-04-08
Reactive Dicarbonyls and Mitochondrial Dysfunction Although mitochondrial dysfunction has been suggested to be one of the main pathogenic mechanisms in diabetic neuropathy, little is known about the nature and extent of mitochondrial damage resulting from chronic hyperglycemia. Mitochondria funct
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Compared to previously reported atypical N glycosites that w
2022-04-08
Compared to previously reported atypical N-glycosites that were identified based on the deamidation of asparagine residues after PNGase F treatment [106], [107], these two studies further validated the identified atypical motif glycosites by directly identifying their intact glycopeptides. Since the
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Next we investigated the accumulation
2022-04-08
Next, we investigated the accumulation of [3H]-ribavirin in fresh villous fragments of human placenta, which provide a physiologically relevant, well-described and validated model for assessing drug interactions with ENTs [32], [35], [69], [70]. The uptake of [3H]-ribavirin was time-dependent and si
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In conclusion we demonstrated that
2022-04-08
In conclusion, we demonstrated that the atypical high-basal activity of the mGlu3 MJ33 lithium salt australia results mostly from its activation by low ambient glutamate concentrations. This is due to a unique interaction network located in the extracellular domain of the mGlu3 receptor. This netwo
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The ion conduction pathway reported herein accounts for
2022-04-08
The ion conduction pathway reported herein accounts for all known functional properties of EAAT/GltPh anion channels. Simulations reveal unitary current amplitudes and ion selectivities (Figures 3C and 3D) that resemble experimental results (Melzer et al., 2003, Wadiche and Kavanaugh, 1998). The cal
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Solid tumors usually present insufficient supply of oxygen a
2022-04-08
Solid tumors usually present insufficient supply of oxygen, activating the hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) pathway, which prompts an adaptive response on genes that regulate glycolytic metabolism, promoting glucose uptake through the transcription of GLUTs [54]. Increasing evidence indicates that
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ak7 br Introduction HH GLI signaling is one of the
2022-04-08
Introduction HH-GLI signaling is one of the major pathways involved in both normal and neoplastic development [[1], [2], [3], [4]]. Inappropriate activation of this pathway has been linked to cancer, including medulloblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, basal cell carcinoma and cancers of the lung, stomac
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Recently several dual GLP GIP receptor agonists have been de
2022-04-08
Recently, several dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists have been developed as a treatment of type II diabetes. These peptides can activate both the GLP-1 and the GIP receptor. Such dual receptor agonists are superior compared to single GLP-1 analogues such as liraglutide (Finan et al., 2013). Previously
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Here we used chemogenetic modulation of
2022-04-08
Here, we used chemogenetic modulation of MBH GHSR neurons to address the role of the endogenous ghrelin system in the normal, hyperphagic response to a short-term fast. Studies demonstrating the requirement of an intact ghrelin-GHSR system for the rebound food intake following fasting have been inco
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Ghrelin is mostly known for its
2022-04-08
Ghrelin is mostly known for its orexigenic properties, whereas the role of DAG on feeding is controversial with studies claiming an orexigenic, anorexigenic or no effect (Inhoff et al, 2009, Toshinai et al, 2006). One of these studies was that of Toshinai and colleagues, who found a link between the
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br Central control of GI ghrelin secretion
2022-04-08
Central control of GI ghrelin secretion The CNS communicates with the GI tract through the vagus nerve originating in the DMV and sympathetic spinal afferents emanating from the thoracic spinal chord (Bray, 2000). The cells that secrete peripheral ghrelin are under direct control of these two pat
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nevertheless Studies have shown that coexpression of the
2022-04-07
Studies have shown that coexpression of the HAC1 gene in P. pastoris improved the nevertheless level of foreign proteins [24,25]. By coexpression with PDI and Ero1, the expression level of the coexpressed strains was increased by 60% [26]. In our study, the α-galactosidase gene was coexpressed with
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br Acknowledgements This work was supported under the
2022-04-07
Acknowledgements This work was supported under the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant numbers 31200576, 21472197, 21675162), Beijing Natural Science Foundation (Grant No. 7182189), and Project supported by the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant
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br FXR FGF in the control of BAs
2022-04-07
FXR–FGF15/19 in the control of BAs synthesis The nuclear receptor FXR is the master regulator of BAs homeostasis, modulating their synthesis, the full details and uptake [15]. FXR decreases BA de novo hepatic biosynthesis by reducing the expression of CYP7A1. At the canalicular membrane, newly-s
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