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Here we show that lactate activates the
2022-01-24
Here we show that lactate activates the Gi-coupled receptor GPR81, which is exclusively expressed on adipocytes, and that lactate released from adipocytes in response to glucose and insulin mediates insulin-induced antilipolysis by activation of GPR81. Results Discussion Nutrients and their m
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Compared to previously reported atypical N glycosites that
2022-01-21
Compared to previously reported atypical N-glycosites that were identified based on the deamidation of asparagine residues after PNGase F treatment [106], [107], these two studies further validated the identified atypical motif glycosites by directly identifying their intact glycopeptides. Since the
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It is widely acknowledged that a significant
2022-01-21
It is widely acknowledged that a significant gap exists between the increasingly detailed knowledge of subcellular mechanisms and the ability to control large-scale anatomy. Radical advances in regenerative medicine require approaches aimed at taming the fundamental complexity of cellular regulation
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br Gap junctions hemichannels and connexins Molecular charac
2022-01-21
Gap junctions, hemichannels and connexins: Molecular characteristics and function Cell-to-cell communication is of extreme importance in tissue homeostasis, which is maintained by transmission of regulatory signals (Fig. 1). Intercellular communication via gap junctions (GJs) represents one of th
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Studies have shown that coexpression of the HAC gene in
2022-01-21
Studies have shown that coexpression of the HAC1 gene in P. pastoris improved the TUG 891 level of foreign proteins [24,25]. By coexpression with PDI and Ero1, the expression level of the coexpressed strains was increased by 60% [26]. In our study, the α-galactosidase gene was coexpressed with four
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TH287 receptor Activation of FXR or TGR inhibits inflammator
2022-01-21
Activation of FXR or TGR5 inhibits inflammatory response via repressing NF-κB activity [1]. FXR is not expressed or expressed at a very low level in macrophages [45] (data not shown), but highly expressed in hepatocytes. In contrast, TGR5 is expressed in macrophages but not in hepatocytes. Our data
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DLS only provides a Z average
2022-01-21
DLS only provides a Z-average size based on spherical model, hence the size of nanorods was determined as 300 nm by DLS measurement. However, the size of length is nearly 400 nm while width is about 100 nm, which was clearly observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) (D). Meanwhile, the TEM
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br Drugs approved or in development To date three
2022-01-21
Drugs approved or in development To date, three drugs: RAL (MK-0518), EVG (GS-9137) and DTG (GSK1349572) [104], have been approved by the FDA. Their structures are shown in Fig. 5. DTG is under development by GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), and studies have shown DTG to be effective in patients with resis
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The synthesis of substituted pyrimidinone
2022-01-21
The synthesis of 2-substituted pyrimidinone carboxamides – is outlined in , . Treatment of readily accessible nitriles with N-methylhydroxylamine hydrochloride in the presence of Daun02 synthesis provided the adducts , which were subsequently reacted with diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate to afford ins
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As the presence of HPV specific antibodies at time
2022-01-21
As the presence of HPV-specific Ch 55 at time of vaccination is related to antibody response to vaccination [28], we evaluated its influence on the antibody responses among HIV+ and HIV− individuals at Months 7 and 18. Despite the small numbers, we observed that HIV+ men with detectable serum HPV a
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Several named antagonist ligands have figured noticeably in
2022-01-21
Several named antagonist ligands have figured noticeably in preclinical studies, with proved clear ability to release neurotransmitters and having efficacy in preclinical animal models. Consequently, this has encouraged ongoing research on improved agents with potency, selectivity, and better drug-l
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SR3335 The overall response rate to afatinib is comparable t
2022-01-21
The 13% overall response rate to afatinib is comparable to a 19% response rate reported by Peters et al. [20] in a separate retrospective series investigating the use of afatinib in more heavily pretreated patients with HER2-mutant lung adenocarcinomas. Our 13% response rate is also comparable to an
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br Material and methods br
2022-01-21
Material and methods Results and discussion Unlike many fruits such as bananas and tomatoes, known as climacteric fruits, in which ripening is regulated by a burst of Alsterpaullone biosynthesis and an increase in respiration, pepper fruits, which do not follow this pattern, are called non-cl
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br Family A Receptors as Promiscuous Sensors for Peptone and
2022-01-21
Family A Receptors as Promiscuous Sensors for Peptone and Free Fatty Acids (FFAs) In addition to the family C 7TM receptors, several family A 7TM receptors are promiscuous in their ligand preferences, and several respond to organic nutrients from food, notably protein degradation products and FFA
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Esomeprazole Sodium To assess the roles of GPR and GPR in ma
2022-01-20
To assess the roles of GPR120 and GPR40 in malignant properties of pancreatic cancer cells, we generated GPR120 and GPR40 knockdown (PANC-sh120 and PANC-sh40, respectively) Esomeprazole Sodium from PANC-1 (Fig. 2A). While no difference of cell growth rate between control PANC-RFP cells and PANC-sh1
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