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br Materials and Methods br Results
2021-07-16
Materials and Methods Results Discussion Viral infection of eukaryotic Sometimes activate signaling pathways both via specific interaction with pattern recognition receptors (TLRs, RIG-I, MDA5) and more nonspecific mechanisms such as accumulation of newly synthesized viral glycoproteins in
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Nimodipine is an L type calcium
2021-07-16
Nimodipine is an L-type calcium channel antagonist that reduces excessive calcium influx during pathological conditions, contributing to its neuroprotective properties (Zornow and Prough, 1996; Kobayashi and Mori, 1998). Autophagy can be induced by increased [Ca2+] (Rami et al., 2008). Nimodipine si
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The interface between the E
2021-07-16
The interface between the E3 ligase and the E2 enzyme can vary, and ZNF451 and SP-RING ligases stabilize this interaction via noncovalent binding to a scaffold SUMO (SUMOB) on the backside of the E2 (Cappadocia et al., 2015; Eisenhardt et al., 2015; Streich & Lima, 2016). By contrast, RanBP2 does no
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br Author Contributions Statement br Conflicts
2021-07-16
Author Contributions Statement Conflicts of interest Acknowledgments We thank T. Ishii, H. Inaba, and S. Nakamura (Department of Cell Biology, TMDU) for kindly gifting BACCS and technical assistance; S. Kaneko, Y. Ishida, and R. Usumi (Department of Orthodontic Science, TMDU) for experiment
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Despite the significant increase in Bdnf mRNA levels
2021-07-16
Despite the significant increase in Bdnf1 mRNA levels after DNMT inhibition, the expression of Bdnf4 and Bdnf9 was unaltered. It is particularly surprising that Bdnf4 is not affected by the DNMT inhibitor, as the promoter of the Bdnf4 exon is known to be susceptible to epigenetic changes (Kotera et
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br Concluding remarks br Introduction Hypertrophic
2021-07-16
Concluding remarks Introduction Hypertrophic pachymeningitis (HP) is a neurologic disorder characterized by diffuse or focal thickening of the intracranial or spinal dura mater, presenting with intracranial hypertension, cranial nerve palsy and spinal cord dysfunction (Kupersmith et al., 2004;
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Henderson et al reported that allergen induced airway remode
2021-07-16
Henderson et al. [20] reported that allergen-induced airway remodeling was blocked by the CysLT1 receptor antagonist montelukast. The development of epithelial thickening and mucus accumulation at relatively small bronchi was also suppressed by montelukast. The CysLT2 receptor antagonist BayCysLT2RA
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Xenobiotic metabolism primarily occurs in liver which contai
2021-07-16
Xenobiotic metabolism primarily occurs in liver, which contains many enzymes to catalyze the transformation of xenobiotic. Usually, cytochrome P-450s (CYP450s) act as the first response for biotransformation of xenobiotic in organisms. CYP450s generally consist of various subfamily enzymes which can
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Supported by the Austrian Science Fund FWF grant P
2021-07-16
Supported by the Austrian Science Fund FWF (grant P22521-B18 to A.H.) and the Austrian National Bank (grant 14263 to A.H.). K.J. was funded by the PhD Program DK-MOLIN (FWF-W1241). Acknowledgements Introduction Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a more sev
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Early studies from the mollusk Aplysia
2021-07-15
Early studies from the mollusk, Aplysia, reported the presence of a unique class of D-Luciferin sodium salt receptors in neurons, the acetylcholine-gated chloride channels (ACCs) (Kehoe and McIntosh, 1998). Later, studies identified these receptors in the model nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (Putr
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PGE EP activation has been
2021-07-15
PGE2-EP4 activation has been found to attenuate the activation of microglia and to prevent lipid peroxidation and pro-inflammatory gene expression in a murine model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Triclosan inflammation [15]. Moreover, PGE2/EP4 signaling has elicited a protective function in re
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Neonatal hydronephrosis induced by TCDD exposure via lactati
2021-07-15
Neonatal hydronephrosis induced by TCDD exposure via lactation has a critical window for onset: the incidence of this disease peaks around PNDs 1–4, followed by a rapid decrease to a substantially null level in adulthood (Couture-Haws et al., 1991; Yoshioka et al., 2016). The EP1 protein was localiz
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For most enolases fluoride acts as an inhibitor while Mg
2021-07-15
For most enolases, fluoride acts as an inhibitor, while Mg2+ is the most important metal activator. In yeast systems, metal cations and fluoride bind to enolase at the active center of the enzyme, forming a complex. The complex blocks the binding of substrates to the enzyme in yeast systems, thereby
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Just as Dorin et al and Nguyen et al write
2021-07-15
Just as Dorin et al. [2] and Nguyen et al. [3] write in regard to their models, our static model can be used to estimate the affinities of voltage gated sodium channel to albumin and CBG. Dorin et al. [2] estimates the K, but not K, since they find that their model is not particular sensitive towar
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br Roles of DDR in epithelial cell
2021-07-15
Roles of DDR1 in epithelial cell differentiation Roles of DDR1 in cell migration, and invasion Dichotomous functions of DDR1 in disease progression Conclusions and perspectives The switch in azilsartan medoxomil australia from DDR1 to DDR2 during EMT is another important issue. The DDRs
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